The goal? To guide you towards greater self-sufficiency, so you’ll feel confident about what to pack and understand why each item is valuable.
We start with a basic principle: mountaineering equipment is essential, but you don’t need everything. The mountains demand preparation and the ability to make sensible choices: avoid unnecessary items and focus on what guarantees safety, warmth, and functionality.
How to select the essentials
Imagine that every item in your backpack must truly make a difference. In this guide, we’ll take you step by step, explaining the purpose of each piece of clothing and gear, so you can feel more confident about your choices.
Remember, there are essentials: determination, the desire to learn, and curiosity. These qualities make mountaineering a unique adventure. Then focus on the equipment: it’s crucial, but there’s no rush to have everything. Avoid overloading yourself with unnecessary items; for a two-day trip, you don’t need a wardrobe—just carefully selected, practical, lightweight gear. Prioritizing warmth and protection in high altitudes can make all the difference. Every item should have a purpose: think efficiency and lightness, allowing you to enjoy the experience without extra fatigue.
Essential gear for beginners in mountaineering
Mountaineering Boots
Mountaineering boots are a significant investment, especially if you plan to use them frequently. They are designed to last, providing the support, comfort, and insulation needed on challenging terrain in tough conditions. For those planning occasional outings, renting can be a practical and cost-effective choice. Specialized local shops offer expert assistance: try Base Camp in Alagna, where the guide Nicola Viotti can help you select the right gear; Ermanno Sport in Gressoney, with alpine guide Alessandro Comune; or La Glisse in Ayas, known for its welcoming and professional staff.
Essential Boot Features:
- Sole stiffness: a rigid sole provides stability and precision on rough terrain and ensures compatibility with crampons, distributing weight to reduce fatigue.
- Waterproof and breathable: boots must keep feet dry and cool. Materials like Gore-Tex provide this combination, protecting against moisture without trapping excess heat.
- Thermal insulation: essential at high altitudes for retaining warmth. Materials like Primaloft provide thermal comfort without adding weight.
- Ankle support: high-cut boots help prevent sprains and improve stability on uneven surfaces.
Recommended Boots:
Layered Clothing
Layering is essential to adapt to the mountain’s changing climate. Always remember three layers for maximum comfort and protection.
Base Layer
- Upper body: technical top (even short-sleeved) and long-sleeved thermal shirt in synthetic or merino wool fabrics. These materials manage moisture better than cotton, keeping skin dry and maintaining a constant body temperature.
- Lower body: thermal or ski socks made from technical materials offering insulation and breathability. Always bring two pairs: one for the journey and a spare to ensure consistent comfort.
Recommended Items:
Insulating mid layer
- Upper body: a fleece or down jacket (or both for added warmth). For a sustainable option beyond goose down, Primaloft provides excellent insulation and moisture resistance.
- Lower body: Thermal leggings to wear under pants, keeping legs warm, especially during rest stops or in windy conditions. Choose synthetic or merino wool for heat retention and moisture control.
Recommended Items:
Waterproof and windproof outer layer
- Jacket: a Gore-Tex jacket for complete rain and wind protection, or other breathable laminates like Event.
- Pants: mountaineering pants should be durable and windproof. Choose breathable models that allow freedom of movement during ascents while providing weather protection.
Recommended Items:
Summary of Clothing
Upper Body:
- Technical top (also short-sleeved)
- Long-sleeved thermal shirt
- Fleece
- Down Jacket
- Waterproof/Windproof Jacket
Lower Body:
- 2 pairs of thermal or ski socks
- Thermal leggings
- Windproof mountaineering pants
Choosing quality, sustainable materials, synthetic insulation, and breathable shells will ensure comfort, warmth, and protection at high altitudes.
Gloves and head accessories
The extremities are particularly sensitive to cold. Bring a warm hat covering the ears and a neck buff for protection. For your hands, use warm gloves for cold temperatures and a lighter backup pair. Materials like Primaloft provide warmth without added weight.
Recommended Items:
Sunglasses and Ski Goggles
Your eyes need protection from snow glare and UV rays, especially intense at high altitudes. Opt for sunglasses with category 3 or 4 protection and carry ski goggles for low-visibility conditions. This prevents eye strain and shields your eyes from potential harm.
Recommended Items:
Technical Equipment
30/35-Litre Backpack
A medium-sized backpack is ideal for two days in high mountains: large enough for essentials without weighing you down. Look for ergonomic shoulder straps and comfortable lumbar support—these features make a difference on long treks. Easily accessible pockets are a big advantage, allowing you to keep your water bottle, snacks, headlamp, and other necessities close at hand. The better organized and fitted your backpack is, the more enjoyable your climb!
Crampons and Ice Axe
Crampons and an ice axe are essential for safe movement on snow and ice, providing stability and grip. If you expect frequent use and wish to buy your own crampons, choose a 12-point model for flexibility and secure grip. On our trips, crampons are included: we provide 10-point universal models compatible with all types of boots, perfect for reaching Capanna Margherita or similar climbs. The ice axe, indispensable for steep slopes, can easily be rented. If you’re considering purchasing one, choose a model with a steel blade for durability and reliability.
Recommended Equipment:
Helmet and Harness
The harness and helmet are essential for your safety in high-altitude mountain environments. The harness should be lightweight, adjustable, and easy to put on, providing you with freedom of movement without compromise. The helmet must be sturdy and well-ventilated to protect you from potential rock or ice falls. On our tours, we provide both helmet and harness, so you can start fully equipped and without worries.
Recommended Equipment:
Telescopic trekking poles
Trekking poles with wide baskets are ideal for high-altitude mountains: they provide stability on snow and slippery terrain. Choose models with adjustable height, made from aluminum or carbon fiber, for a good balance between lightness and durability. Trekking poles offer valuable support on steep sections, making progress easier and reducing fatigue. On descents, they help distribute weight and relieve pressure on the knees, which often endure strain from the weight and impact on steep and uneven ground.
Accessories
Sleeping Bag Liner
Mountain huts provide pillows and blankets, but bringing a personal liner (not a sleeping bag) for hygiene is essential. A lightweight, washable liner ensures a clean sleep and respects the next user. Avoid disposable liners and choose a silk liner: it’s light, washable, offers exceptional comfort, and takes up minimal space in your pack. A sustainable choice for the environment and the mountain.
Headlamp and Power Bank
A headlamp is essential for early starts or late returns. Make sure it’s water-resistant with a good battery life. If it’s battery-operated, always bring spares to avoid being caught out in the dark. A power bank allows you to recharge your phone or other devices, a valuable backup in case of emergency. Don’t forget it!
Recommended:
Thermos
Hydration is crucial: carry a one-litre thermos for water or hot tea throughout the day. Don’t go overboard with size; each litre adds a kilogram to your pack, so balance hydration with weight. Choose a stainless steel model, resistant to impacts and able to maintain heat even in the coldest conditions.
Sun Protection
At high altitudes, the sun is stronger, and skin protection is essential. Bring a high-protection sunscreen, SPF 50+ or higher, to prevent sunburn, and a hydrating lip balm to combat dryness and chapping, which are common due to the wind and intense sun exposure.
Energy snacks and basic medications
Bring energy snacks like bars, dried fruit, or chocolate to keep your energy up during the hike. These compact, nutritious foods are perfect for a quick snack without adding much weight to your pack. Don’t forget to include a small supply of basic medications: pain relievers, disinfectant, and bandages can be very useful in case of minor issues or discomfort.
Essential Personal Hygiene
Only bring the essentials for personal hygiene: a toothbrush, toothpaste, a small comb, and a lightweight, compact towel. Choose small-sized items to save space in your backpack, ensuring practicality without giving up on the basics.
Summary
Mountaineering requires the right technical equipment to face high mountain conditions: freezing temperatures, wind, and challenging terrain. We’ve explored with you the essential gear, from technical clothing to equipment, to safely and lightly undertake a two-day high-altitude adventure. Each choice is designed to keep your pack light while including essentials, bearing in mind that every extra gram can add unnecessary fatigue. Focus on the goal: a fantastic experience without leaving anything to chance. Prepare your backpack with care and common sense.
“If you have to leave something, leave the unnecessary, not your safety.”